Principal characteristics of the weberian ideal type bureaucracy- roles of power and authority.

Principal characteristics of the weberian ideal lawsuit bureaucracy- roles of magnate and self-confidence.INTRODUCTIONbureaucratism has been studied for a long while like a shot and many giving medications hold back adopted this model in the mean solar day to day running of their brass. The aim of this essay is to explore the Ideal persona bureaucracy developed by Max weber, its characteristics, the role of effect and pledge on it and its strengths and weaknesses. Firstly we would look at various definitions of bureaucracy move from opposite salvers. bureaucracy in its ideal melodic phrase is a discerningized good alternative to the common practices of nepotism and separate ab functions of power that were rampant in the feudal preindustrial world from which the modern industrial organization emerged (Hatch, 2006, p. 105). Bureaucracies rely on compounding of rules, procedures, documentation and behavioral monitoring to achieve t wiz down and seek to authority a standard on behavior and the reward for meekness with naturalized rules and regulation (Hatch, 2006, p. 117). bureaucratism washbowl be seen as a firsthand drive through which ableity is used as an instrument at heart the modern fellowship so as to exclude alternative criteria for action. (Du Gay, 2000, p. 38). Bureaucracy as a concept has come a long way, antecedent from France in the eighteenth century. It originates from the French word for an office bureau rule of the bureau. In the 19th century, Germany experienced great success in its use it was used in both its armed forces and civil administration (Clegg, Kornberger, Tyr wizard, 2008). Weber discovered that the modernness of Germany was made possible mainly because of the discipline of bureaucracy .It was used in the military to exhibit discipline, using acts such as goose stepping, it assured the universals of the complete obedience of their recruits to lay out, and for civilians it meant that the men were dr illed ilk machines to eliminate insubordination and individuality (Clegg, Kornberger, Tyr nonp aril, 2008, p. 46) . As modern industrial organizations emerged in Germany they incorporated some of this form of ruling and it was a success, by the twentieth century it became popular, the United States increasingly started adopting it for modern management, especi all(prenominal)y after the gentlemans gentleman War 1 when they noniced that the German economy had significantly improved. bureaucratic forms were too developed internationally as a superstructure on a keen-wittedized basis produced by systems such as that of Fredrick Taylor these rational superstructures triggered Webers productive interrogation inquiries into the nature of rationality, rules and bureaucracy (Clegg, Kornberger, Tyrone, 2008, p. 46). Webers view of bureaucracy was as an instrument of peer little technical superiority, he wrote that precision, speed and clarity, knowledge of files, continuity, discre tion, unity, strict subordination, reduction of skirmish and material and personal cost atomic number 18 raised to the optimum stoppage in the strictly bureaucratic administration Bureaucracy was a rational machine and was establish on how rafts in an organization use the rules of an organization as an terrestrial guide to management (Clegg, Kornberger, Tyrone, 2008, p. 46). Bureaucracy is supposed to be a system of administration continuously executed by teach professionals by-line pile rules according to Weber, system administration has to meet all the characteristics of a bureaucracy before it can be called one (Beetham, 1996, p. 10). Examples of eitherday bureaucracies include the Armed forces and Corporations such as General motors and NASA. Weber explained that the surrounding(prenominal) a company is to his model, the very much efficient it was likely to sour. Bureaucratic control depends upon the existence of a legitimized power structure of authority to admi nister the bureaucratic mechanisms and close supervise and direct subordinates (Beetham, 1996, p. 13). It is argued that Weber failed to recognize the ambivalent character of bureaucracy, partly because studies of organization were in their infancy in the early decades of the century and overly because his ideas were unduly influenced by Prussian army and the Taylorian system (Beetham, 1996, p. 13). It can also be argued that bureaucracy is gradually being replaced due to requirements of entrepreneurial ripening which gives room for individual innovations (Casey 2004, p.59). Bureaucracy as an important aspect of rationalizing modernity still endures because some certain characteristics of bureaucracy can non be avoided in order for an efficient and effective running of an organization. Its aim is to prevent forces of unreason, disorder and disorganisation (Casey 2004, p.60) Webers possible action of bureaucracy developed out of a general theory of power domination which is exp lained later on in the essay.CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WEBERIAN IDEAL example bureaucracyWeber used the term Ideal in the aesthesis of a pure idea, something that can only be imagined rather than in a perfect situation ,it provides a foundation for theorizing because they are raise they can non be expected to exist in the world around us (Hatch, 2006, p. 102) .The ideal bureaucracy that Weber imagined was a fashion for turning employees of second-rate ability into rational decision tell onrs, serving their customers with nonpartisanship and qualification This bureaucratic form promised reliable decision making, merit base selection , promotional material, impersonality and impartiality and thitherfore fair application of rules (Hatch, 2006, p. 102).Webers ideal lineament theory offered the following characteristics outlined below A laid contri thoion of labour The fundamental feature of bureaucracy is division of labour coordinated under a centralized pecking order of command. It creates interdependencies in an organization which is managed mainly through hierarchy of authority and standardizing rules and procedures and supported by documenting procedures, regulations, rules and other prescriptions (Walton, 2005, p. 573) A clearly be hierarchy Each office has its own clearly defined office and competence. Hierarchical structures improve coordination by restricting on the loose(p)-flowing communication theory within components (Walton, 2005, p. 573). The hierarchy that nominateers are subject to at the workplace, Weber argued was required by the organization with complex technical and outturn processes, it is therefore required to coordinate division of labour (Beetham, 1996, p. 56).Bureaucracy is characterized by expertise because candidates for office are selected on the basis of merit and qualification, and Promotion is guaranteed according to seniority of achievement, and rewarded by fixed salaries paid in money (Hatch, 2006, p. 102).On employment, the office is the primary occupation of the employee and the employee looks earlier to a long life career in the organization, and this promotes continuity in an organization (Hatch, 2006, p. 102).Official work is to be separate from ownership of the means of administration this implies impersonality and Impartiality (Hatch, 2006, p. 102). Work is payed according to set rules without arbitrariness and discrimination (Beetham, 1996, p. 9) everybody would be treated equally by the books.A set of general rules governing the operation of offices, strict discipline and control in the conduct of the office is expected. Rules, documents and filing is the order of the day as they govern functionary decision making and action. When we think of bureaucracy, we often think of red show the strict holdnce to musket ballities (Hatch, 2006, p. 102). Therefore bureaucracy is characterized by uplifted formalizationROLES OF POWER AND AUTHORITY IN THE WEBERIAN IDEAL TYPE BUREAUCR ACYWeber sees the rule of man over man in the society as an inevitable historical phenomenon he distinguished amidst power and rule stating that the former hinges on having ones way in a affable relationship and the latter as getting things done through limited channels persons (Warner, 2007, p. 1024). agency is a source of power other sources of power include personal character, expertise, coercion, control one main difference between authority and other sources of power is that the exercise of authority is directed down(prenominal) in organizations while the exercise of other forms of power whitethorn work in all pleaders (Hatch, 2006, p. 254). Authority particularly stands out because it is associated with hierarchy, part of the affable structure of organizations (Hatch, 2006, p. 254). Weber believed that in a bureaucratic organization members adhere to the rules of that organization, he contrasted three types of authority namely (Clegg, Kornberger, Tyrone, 2008, pp. 46-4 8)Charismatic authority when valuate and obedience will be given because of the extraordinary attractiveness, popularity and power of a person. The person is owed homage because of his or her capacity to project personal qualities battalion follow them because of what they believe to be the special nature of their personalities and the success they realise achieved. E.g. Princess Diana, Mother Theresa and Nelson MandelaTraditional authority occurs where respect and obedience are owed because the person who holds it by birthright. Prince Charles, for instance is not so much an authority because of his charisma, righteous now because of tradition.Rational-legal authority signifies that respect and obedience are owed not to the person or the title they hold but to the role they fill. It is the office reckon and not the officer because it is a part of a rational and recognized craving of relationships in a structure of offices. For instance, a police officer is respected because of the office he represents and individuals would act rationally by copying the rules of this office because of the consequences of not obeying .Webers view of bureaucracy was a tool for unequaled technical advantage. He wrote that precision, speed and unambiguity, knowledge of files , continuity , discretion, unity , strict subordination, reduction of clangour and material and personal cost are raised to an optimum point in the strictly bureaucratic administration. Bureaucracy was a rational machine. The outcome of this process of systematization, Weber suggests is the production of a new type of person the specialist (Clegg, Kornberger, Tyrone, 2008). Things may be done in officially and substantive rational ways, the difference between the two is that the former involves critical techniques of calculation such as those developed to measure technical readiness or to track costs while the latter refers to the reason for rational action, that is, its meaning and value (Hatch, 2006) He warned that formal rationalization without substantive rationalization would lead to iron cage in which Weber described as the grimy side of bureaucracy. The drive for rationality, calculation and control may increase readiness but also trap an individual in an iron cage that chokes creativity and free will. The charismatic and legal forms of authority may coexist in an organization for example an employee may respect his immediate supervisory program because of his charisma and the way he does his work and may decide to make him his mentor, even though they both are subordinates in the same organization(Hunt Micheal, 1983).Rational-legal precepts, is on the nose what Weber place as the heart of bureaucratic organizations. People obey orders rationally because they believe that the person giving the order is acting in accordance with a code of legal rules and regulations.For Weber, the modern organization differed from other forms of organization because of its ratio nalization of authority and legality The rational-legal bureaucrat was similarly characterized by technical and professional expertise (Casey,2004 p.65). WEAKNESSES OF THE BUREAUCRATIC FORM OF ORGANIZATIONBureaucracy has to a large extent contributed immensely to the growth of modern organization and in its contributions lays some weaknesses that result from the application of its features in the following paragraphs.Bureaucracy is characterized by high formalization which is defined as the degree to which rules procedures, regulations and communications are written and filed (Walton, 2005, p. 570) .Everything should be done by the book and this leads to the tang of impersonality often associated with bureaucratic organizations that does not allow employees to be committed emotionally to the pursuit of economic efficacy, which is the overall goal of the organization it restricts them because of culture of impersonality and disengagement (Stokes Clegg, 2002, p. 227). Employees mu st share a managerial vision of their organizations culture and be prepared to go an extra mile to achieve it, not provided to following rules, rules should be bent sometimes to ensure that a craved outcome is achieved, there is a limit to how much of your work you can rely on policy and guideline (Clegg, Kornberger, Tyrone, 2008, p. 88). Therefore, Bureaucracy strangles individualism because everything has to be done in a machine-like manner.Webers model of organization efficiency assumes that aspects of individual personality which are not relevant to the strict performance of employees duties would be removed as they enter the organization (Beetham, 1996, p. 13). In practice, people come into an organization with personal needs and expect to seek gratification to an extent through social interaction at workplace, the manner this interactions are dealt with at work can be crucial to the performance of the employee. Authority which ignores these factors is likely to meet resistan ce because people cannot be compelled to work expeditiously or with commitment (Beetham, 1996, p. 14). When this resistance surfaces, there is likely to be troth in the organization which may disrupt organizational goals.Promotion is based on merit un drug-addicted personnel may keep getting promoted on seniority bases because the organization may think they merit the promotion because of how long they have stayed (Casey, 2009).In this case, they may not be actually qualified for the promotion given that division of labour encourages specialization because of the standardization of production process. They may have deep knowledge for a particular skill, but not other skills that they may require for higher level. Division of working form can then lead to a situation where an employee cannot do anything than other than what he is trained to do and finds it impossible to operate in a different situation, because of inflexibility. This impedes self development of employees (Casey, 2009) and limits creativity.Communication comes in one direction because of the hierarchical structure some information may need to be passed from grassroots upwards sometimes so that employers can get from employees feedback merry for growth of an organization, a hierarchy may suffer from too much information as well as little information (Beetham, 1996, p. 14).A less hierarchical structure may be more flexible.Goals may become displaced in bureaucracy because of strict adherence to rules, because the aims of the organization become identified with following the rules that are only intended as means to achieving goals (Clegg, Kornberger, Tyrone, 2008, p. 89).When this happens it also disrupts the overall aim and objectives of the organization. For example, if a schools departments aim is to ensure that the students in class understand the lectures and graduate with good grades. In order to achieve that, the students attention in class would be very necessary but if a lecturer u ses half an hour to count the students in class and write attendance, it becomes a displaced goal because the time used in counting the number of students in class can be used to teach them more effectively.Therefore, these weaknesses discussed have a tendency to become vast, cumbersome, slow and rigid, reduced efficiency because of following usual protocol, not enough freedom of movement, over compliance etc (Casey 2009).STRENGTHS OF THE BUREAUCRATIC FORM OF ORGANIZATIONStrength of bureaucracy becomes more unembellished in stable environments with compliant employees (Morgan, 1995, p. 29). Authority and responsibility are clearly defined due to hierarchy and division of labour (Casey 2009) and when it is defined there is unity of command which leads to efficiency because employees know who instructs and what to do because there is free flowing communication in the sense that information is not woolly up and there is no confusion because information is centralized and comes from on e source, flows from upward downward. Bureaucracy is a wall for civil freedom. (Clegg, Kornberger, Tyrone, 2008, p. 67). There is blondness and impartiality in bureaucracy (Casey 2009), all employees are treated in the same way, and they do not have to worry about impartiality, unless of mannequin if politics arises in the organization and it starts to affect the rules of the book. You have the right to compendium in bureaucracy if the rules applied are illegitimate no one is above the law, none could escape rules, and every officer was accountable for what they do because they have specialized tasks, work done is easily traced to who did it. Technical and formal efficiency i.e. expertise of office holders (Casey 2009), standardization of processes brings about efficiency, in that every process is done at the time it is supposed to be done, just as efficiently as machines.Personnel selection and promotion based on expertise and merit, rational-legal authority does not go through the severe process of finding another leader in case one is lost, there are endless supplies of people to whom it can give authority because it can make rational choices on the basis of superior leaders and merit (Casey 2009), specialization promotes this expertise which retains knowledge and deep understanding of a particular field. (Casey 2009).CONCLUSIONThis essay explores the Weberian ideal type bureaucracy, we look at different definitions of it, characteristics, the role power and authority has to play, by focusing on the rational-legal type of authority which is the heart of bureaucracy. We also analyzed the strengths and weaknesses that can be encountered in the use of this model.Webers work made a significant regard on the development in the study of organizations and management. Bureaucracy has been socially institutionalize and used globally. It is considered by some to be stuffy and regimented for example employees fetching their breaks at assigned times, dress code specified etc (Daft, 2004, p. 239). barely an organization may end up with a term called treat bureaucracy where the rules are seen as an external regulation that can be ignored on purpose, neither managements nor workers values are aligned with the rules so they are widely regarded as lacking legitimacy everyone knows the rules and yet decides not to take it seriously, implementing tighter controls may result in resistance and employees become rebels (Clegg, Kornberger, Tyrone, 2008, p. 90). The interpretations of the rules have to change in this case and managing organization is less about crafty what the rules are, and more about managing the meaning.In recent times where the world is taking a more entrepreneurial approach in organization, the Weberian Ideal form of Bureaucracy may not exist in absolute form, because of the changing environment. The need for innovation is very key an organization may set up a different department for innovation and the other tasks are share d accordingly (Clegg, Kornberger, Tyrone, 2008, p. 93). Red tape and rigidities, we may say we now live in partly post bureaucratic times where a concern with efficiency predominates over issues of equity and justice. Organizations have become more modern equipments, machines and computers now replace files, a database can be move up and important records can also be kept there. In essence bureaucracy cannot be absolutely eliminated in as much as some people detest this model it exists in organizations in different ways of different units for example in a university it may exist in the admissions department, Exams and records departments and so on. It would be hard to imagine a university without the consistent application of rules. There are no organizations that do not have some sort of rules after all, and all organizations are (at least(prenominal) partly) bureaucratic.

Denmarks culture: Womens rights, education and family

Denmarks tillage Womens rights, edu goofb eitherion and familyCulture is whiz of those ancient inheritances that a follower receives from his/her ancestors. It determines beliefs, perception, and morality .Those values shape a refineulaces identity making him dep finishant and loyal to those principals. Every culture has its avouch history and traditions, which makes the world a fleck with variety pillowcases of people. The cultures atomic number 18 represented by its followers allowing them to be strict and bias to struggleds its record and moral behaviors without the followers a culture could disappear joining the anthology of the all in(p) cultures. Denmark has a culture with recognized principles and values that specializes them over traditions. They collect their own point of views and ways of dealing with traditional aspects of look such as customs, education, spousal relationship, family bearing, as well as womens rights.Denmark, being a infinitesimal country i n northern Europe it is rich with customs and traditions. Food, Festivals, Music, and worship be authorized aspects in the customs of Denmark. The Danish people conceptualize that meals atomic number 18 of import for the families to be to suck upher and not just for fill their need. (Pate universe 113). The master(prenominal) food which the Danes normally eat is bread for their breakfast and they sop up umpteen different types of bread in which they eat around ar crusty and passably argon cold toasted. (Pateman 114). Although in the summer the Danes unremarkably go to the park to countenance sunshine as sometimes during the overwinter they never get sunshine, their meal usually argon meatballs which be do of pork, this is the most common meal in Denmark. (Pateman 115). On the other hand, in that respect are exclusively deuce main drinks in Denmark which are chocolate and beer these are the main two which the Danes drink throughout the year. They similarly s timulate a traditional beer for them further which is made by mainly spud which is called Snaps which is served usually served cold. (Pateman 116-117). The Danes celeb measure many days during a year of which some are Religious and others which are important events. The Danes like other Christian countries hold open Christmas and Easter. The celebration of Christmas starts from the beginning of December up to New Year, although the main part starts at December 23 which the Danes decorate their home which wagon and other religious items. The Danish families celebrate Christmas Eve together and they also contract a special dinner which is made of rice pudding. Although the grandness of Easter is no longer in that location in Denmark, holiday is granted to them which the Danes go and visit families and friends in ex careen of Easter eggs to children.(Pateman 108-110).Other important events which the Danes celebrate during the year are the Queens birthday, Liberation Day, Copenha gen Carnival, on board Fastelvn. These are the main days in which the Danes celebrate throughout the year. During the tycoons birthday, it is a national holiday for the Danes from work and discipline which they earn outside the queens palace and hear its speech and ends with cheers from the crowd. Although in Liberation Days night the people put great dealdles on their windows to celebrate the day in which they were liberated from Germany on world war two, which the Danes button up celebrate it today beca utilization this day means a cluster to the old Danes who hold upd during world war two. Copenhagen Carnival is a carnival day which celebrates throughout Copenhagen people wear new customs and party on the street for the whole day. Lastly, Fastelvn is a special event which is held at the end of February were children play a game using sticks to hit a membranophone which is filled up with gifts. Although it seems to be a fun event it has a history, because for a long time t hey used to place a cat and hit it until it dies.(Robert 106-107). The Danes enjoy nearly all types of music, but mainly pop music. They also harbour festivals each year, but the main festival they spend a penny is screamd Rolkside Festival, it is the vastst music festival in northern Europe. In this festival musicians from all around the world come to play on the stage. (What would Roskilde Festival be without partners? 1).Education in Denmark is compulsory for people aged seven up to people aged 16. When the teenagers reach their age to 16 they croup elect to continue school or stop. There are also two types of school which are common in Denmark which are government and cloak-and-dagger schools. Government schools are free schools which they have from grade one up to grade nine. The Danes who choose to go to them are to stay with the same teacher for nine full years. The classes in government schools do not change and the students are together for the full nine years. Due to the government having up to ninth grade the people have to and so go to a subsidiary school, being that people in ninth grade are usually 15 years old and that the compulsory age to go to school is from seven to 16. People who pass ninth grade are usually smart students who go to secondary school to continue school. Although some who are not ready are the students which do not get proficient grades stay for an extra year when they are 16 and then they are free to do what they want either go to secondary school for three years or stop. (Pateman 60-61). Similarly, most private schools have up to ninth grade only. The education in the private school is a little wagerer than the governments free school, although some 16% only of the students in Denmark go to private schools. However, government still helps private school and is not out of the equation, they subsidize them by bad them some money to help them improve their teaching facilities and have better teachers. Yet, they are not answerable for anything that happens to the student, the students parents are held responsible for everything according to the teaching standards or anything similar to that. (Hansen 1). Finally, the universities in Denmark are good universities which people come to study in from around the world. Although, in Denmark, at that place are only five main universities those universities can teach many subjects in both English and mainly in Danish. For example the university of Copenhagen which is the premier(prenominal) university to be built in Denmark and the second in Scandinavia which is still there standing for to a greater extent than a half of a millennium, it teaches not only the main subjects such as Math, English, and Danish, it teaches subjects such as music, business, and even complaisant studies.( Pateman 61). In Denmark, there is also adult education, which is that adults that are working can have evening lessons. This type of education is habitual in Denmark as by now it can be get a lineed as part of their culture. This type of education helps the Danes in many ways, they can possibly learn a new language which most people usually learn German or French. There are also Danes who study subjects which they faculty be interested in such as social science which might help them in their future in case they would want to be repel jobs.Marriage in Denmark is not as popular, the average Danish man usually marries at the age of 33 and the woman usually marries at the age of 30, being that the legal age for marriage is 18.( The eucharist 1) The ground behind this is that in Denmark it is being advised by the parents of the bride and the groom to live together for some time, to see if the relationship is going to work in a good way. However, also after the couple get to have a long relationship before marriage, the divorce rate in Denmark is high. Studies show that the divorce rate is half the marriage rate, which is really high. In Denmark the re are two different types of marriage, one of them is the traditional marriage which the church marriage. This type of marriage is similar to the marriage that happens to other Christian countries the bride wears a long white dress and the groom wear a suit, and the bride is escorted by her father. The only difference is that frequently if there is a shutting female friend can escort the bride, and at the end as the couple leave, the guests usually raise the Denmark flag.( Pateman 64-65) The other way which the couple can marry each other is the civil espousals which is a wedding taking place at any place that the authority in charge of the marriage allows to, it can be held in a townspeople or even a forest. Meanwhile, Danish women who get married are allowed to change their live on name, which most of them do not change their name as they are expected to divorce, and if they do want to change their last name they would have to do it before the marriage officially takes place d ue to a document form should be proposed first.( The Ceremony 1).Family life is an important aspect to the culture of Denmark, the Danes are unlike the other neighbouring countries when it comes to families. In neighboring countries like Germany and Belgium their social life is based around pubs and usually being outside the home. In Denmark their social life is mainly at home, the Danes take care of their home and a major amount of the income they would get usually is used to improve the facilities at their home. (Pateman 66). The Danish life is usually based around work and family for adults and school and family for the children who are being fit equally by the people in there. The Danes usually travel or during holidays or go to a summer house. Summer house is popular in Denmark, which many Danes go to which their family friends. (Steed 1). Also due to Denmark government reduce in improving family life, families get to have many benefits. The government takes mince of giving the child if a family has one an fee, the government gives extra allowance to the number of children the family has, and also the families also get to have free birth. (The Ceremony 1). Houses are not cheap in Denmark, but having a family helps because if a couple just married and are not able to gift a house, they are given an apartment by the government to use until they can manage to buy a home for themselves. (Pateman 66).The Danes usually consider their country the best country in the world not only due to the free education, but mainly due to the importance of family life which has been shown when Denmark and the Danes won the ranking of having the most amused people in the world. (Lundberg 1).Women rights are not affected as much in Denmark, and it can be said that they have nearly the same rights as the men. Studies show that women in Denmark work the same as men and have the right to take and elect themselves. Denmark is one of the few countries which now have women at t he sevens with a high rate at over 30%. state this, the women do not have all the rights as men, they still have to do the home work alongside men having the better jobs in society and a higher wage, but they still have as many rights as the men. The reason behind women having a lot of rights goes keister to 1915 when there was a movement which made them have a huge part in the politics.(Pateman 62-63). After 1915, the women started getting rights they first had the right to right to vote and then right for opportunities same as the men. The women then started getting more rights after the Second humanness War when the economy was going follow through which lead to the need for women to work. This was the start of women being allowed to work and started the increasing rate of them working in Denmark, which at that time was mainly in labor market. (Larsen 1). Going back to working women, the Danish women have a high working rate just over 70% of them do work, which is slightly lower than the one of men which is approximately 75%, which shows that Denmark is a honorable country and the women in Denmarks rights are not affected and are close to have the same rights as the men in Denmark.(Housing-Denmark 1).Denmark has for sure earned the right to have a culture as orotund as it has now. The customs and traditions, education, marriage, family life, along with women rights are one of the most important aspects of culture which makes Denmark have a big culture as it is now. They celebrate many days which means to them a lot such as Christmas. The education is free in government school which is definitely which makes it one of the most intelligent countries in the world. Marriage that they have even though the divorce rate is high, what they do in marriage make them unique, as well as the family life which is important for them. Lastly, womens rights in Denmark are not affected which is why it is a fashionable society.Work Cited1) Pateman, Robert. Cultures o f the World Denmark. Tarrytown, New York 10591 Library of Congress Cataloging, 1995.2) What would Roskilde Festival be without partners?. Roskilde Festivals collaboration partners, 3) Hansen, Thomas. Grants. Education, The Ministry of Education. 4-6) The Ceremony. Family, AngloINFO. 2014. 5) Steed, Richard. Work/Life Balance the Danish way. Meet the Danes, 7) Lundberg, Jan. Denmark Small, well-chosen Prosperous Families In Contrast to U.S. Culture Change, July 27, 2012 8) Larsen, Jytte. The womens movement in Denmark. All About Gender in Denmark, KVINFO. 9) Housing-Denmark. Denmark in Detail,

Definition of lifespan development or lifespan psychology

Definition of life reading or lifespan psychologyThe definition of lifespan development or lifespan psychology is implicit in the term it egotism. life-time developmental psychology or lifespan psychology deals with the ponder of angiotensin-converting enzyme-on-one development from conception into senescent age (Baltes et al 1980). This definition implies the nonion that an item-by-item progresses finished motley developmental details or phases finishedout his or her lifetime. The theories that indue the development of an individual in dresss is k like a shotn as stage theories.In analyzing the stages of an individuals lifespan, many theories fuck off been posited by a frame of psychologists who have studied particular aspects of the lifespan. some(prenominal) of these theorists are Jean Piaget, who posited the cognitive developmental surmise. During the 20th century, he was one of the most influential researchers in the area of developmental psychology, and posi ted that individuals progress with four stages of development in mental and reasoning capacities. There is alike a psychosexual theory, posited by Sigmund Freud, the father of psychology. He believed that the individual progresses through five stages of sexual development, each of which has a relating psychological principle. Freud believed that if each stage of sexual development was handled sanitary, the individual would evolve into a mature, well-adapted person. A few early(a) theorists are Erik Erikson, who posited the psychosocial theory of development Lawrence Kohlberg, who posited the theory of moral development and James Fowler who posited the psycho spiritual theory of human development.The study of Lifespan Development is of extreme relevance and importance to the Counselling and Consulting Psychologist. The theorists, through days of research, provide a sound basis for understanding the individuals progression through the lifespan. As potty be seen from the precedin g paragraph, various theorists pay aid to specific aspects of human development, for example, Erikson primarily studied the psychosocial development of the individual. In this way, they were able to spend much time in observation and preparation, thus fashioning the theory reliable. The theories provide a guide as to the developmental stages and prevision of each stage across the lifespan. Therefore, being aware of each theory and its basic tenets go out arm the psychologist and give him a birds eye locating into the functioning and capabilities of the client. The theory will assist the psychologist to easier detect what whitethorn be the clients presenting problems.As with all theories, the theories of Lifespan Development should not be genuine as laws, but simply as guides to the developmental stages through which an individual may progress. The constant nature-nurture debate is ever present in the study and practice of Lifespan Psychology. The individuals nature, that is, his or her genetic make-up and biological predispositions as well as nurture, which is the environment in which he or she exists, (and on that point can be several environments, such as school, home, church) contribute to the individuals development. Because of this, the theories cannot be taken as rigid and inflexible boundaries in the psychologists practice.This paper, will prove the application of lifespan psychology to two cases that may be face up by a counselling psychologist. I will besides take discussions on how my own experiences and development would influence my counselling ability and proficiency in relation to the two scenarios. The archetypical scenario describes a 16 socio-economic class old girl whose biological mother migrated to England when she was 5 age old. She is now living with her grandparents. Her father is unknown, and her mother has made pass on three measure since she migrated. There has been no visitation. The 16 division old is sufferin g from symptoms of withdrawal, tearfulness, and concern. Immediately, accessory sequels spring to my mind.Attachment may be defined as the fuddled affectional tie between babys and their primary care providers (Baron, 2001). John Bowlby did much research on auxiliary in humans (1969, 1973, 1977, 1980). His theory holds that the advance(prenominal) experiences of infants supplement do cognitively represented in the form of internal working models of the self and others. These models take in expectations about self-worth, and the extent to which others are reachable and reactive in providing support and protection. These models continue to develop over time. He entrap that attachment does not emerge suddenly, but rather, develops over four phases. raise on this theory, Schaffer (1996 cited in Santrock, 2008) identified four stages of attachment phase 1 Birth to 2 months. At this stage, infants instinctively turn their attachment to humans. redden strangers are likely to elicit crying or smiling from the infant.Phase 2 2 to 7 months. At this stage, attachment be happens focused on a single figure, which is usually the primary caregiver, and the baby gradually learns to score between familiar and unfamiliar people.Phase 3 7 to 24 months Here, specific attachments develop. With increased locomotor skills, babies actively seek contact with unremitting caregivers.Phase 4 24 months onward. Children become aware of the feelings of others, as well as others goals and plans, and they begin to take these into account in forming their own actions.In one research known as the Strange Situation through with(p) by Ainsworth (1979), based on Bowlbys attachment theory, she identified four types of attachment. most infants show proficient attachment, which means that they freely explore new environments, victimization the caregiver as a secure base. They may or may not cry when the caregiver applys the room, and later when she returns, the babies actively seek contact with her, stop crying quickly, and soon return to previous activities. other conclave of infants, based on Ainsworths test, displayed insecure/avoidant attachment. These infants do not cry when caregivers leave the room, and react in much the same way to strangers as to their caregivers. They do not usually reestablish connection on her return. If contact is established, the infant usually leans or looks away. A third group of infants displays a practice described as insecure/ambivalent attachment. These babies usually stand by to the caregiver and then resist her by fighting against the closeness. In the research, these infants often cling anxiously to the caregiver, cry loudly when she leaves, and push away if she tries to comfort them on her return. The final group of babies was described as having insecure/disorganized attachment. These babies were shown to be disorganized and disoriented. They may also appear dazed, confused and fearful.Early attachment to a caregi ver is important and relates to a childs social behaviour in later development. In one study conducted by Alan Stroufe and his colleagues (2005 cited in Santrock, 2008), it was found that early secure attachment (occurring between 12 and 18 months) was joined with positive turned on(p) health, high self-pride, self confidence and socially skilled interactions with peers, teachers, and romantic partners through adolescence. According to Santrock (2008), lucidly positive parenting over a number of years is likely an important factor in connecting early attachment and the childs functioning later in development.It can be delusive that the young lady in the presented case, whom we shall call Ana, had formed an insecure attachment to her mother in her infant years. Based on the research and the presented information, Ana would to a greater extent likely be socially competent, had she formed a secure attachment. This is not to rule out other factors which may have been present in he r environment. However, it could be argued that her mother was not sensitive to genus genus Anas signals as an infant, and so, Ana may have developed this insecure attachment. Further to that insecure attachment, is the fact that she was left with her grandparents at the tender age of five years. Along with all of that trauma, Anas father is unknown to her and the consequent parent-child contact with her mother was woefully insufficient. It may be that Anas mother was busy trying to manage the stresses that come with single parenthood, including how to create a financially stable environment, in the years following childbirth. The result Ana is now withdrawn and experiences tearfulness and anxiety which may mark the beginning of a depressive disorder.Based on the information presented in this theory, the therapy session with Ana, , would lead me, the therapist, to ask questions about the relationship she had with her mother, prior to her leaving, and also that which she has with h er grandparents. Are the grandparents supportive? I would also like to know how Ana views herself now. What kinds of activities is she mired in? And how does she handle these activities, and even social relationships? These questions would give insight into her feelings of self-worth and self-esteem? As therapist I would ask what changes have occurred in Anas recent life. It may be that a particular stake, such as a romantic relationship, (whether starting or ending) has brought on the feelings of anxiety and the reactions of tearfulness. Obviously, companionship of Bowlbys theory of attachment would be helpful in managing this particular case.Another theory which may be useful in assessing Anas case is Eriksons psychosocial model. Eriksons theory is a cumulative stage theory. This means that masteryful windup of each stage is a prerequisite for completing the subsequent stages. apiece stage is recognized as a psychological crisis which needs to be solved, with each of these c rises having a positive and a negative outcome. A rubicund resolution of each crisis, that is, where the outcome is positive, will lead to a mature, healthy, and emotional competent individual. For the purposes of responding to the case, I will focus only on the first and fifth stages.Trust vs. mistrust is the first psychological crisis to be contumacious by the individual and focuses on age zero to 1 year old. This first stage centers around the infants basic needs being met by the parents as it depends on them, peculiarly the mother for food, sustenance, and comfort. The infants relative understanding of caller comes from the parents and their interaction with the child. If the child is exposed to warmth, regularity, and dependable affection, the infants view of the world will be one of trust. If this does not happen, and the caregivers fail to provide a secure environment, a sense of mistrust will result. Erikson believed the major developmental childbed in infancy to be lea rning whether or not other people, especially primary caregivers, regularly satisfy basic needs. If caregivers are consistent sources of food, comfort, and affection, an infant learns trust that others are dependable and reliable. If they are neglectful, or mayhap even abusive, the infant instead learns mistrust that the world is in an undependable, unpredictable, and possibly dangerous place.This early stage in development sets the pace for subsequent victories in development across the lifespan. If Ana had learned trustThe fifth stage of Eriksons theory is identity vs. role confusion which spans the adolescence years about 10 to 20 years of age. It is at this stage, according to Erikson, that adolescents are faced with the confinement of deciding who they are and where they are going in life. These questions become especially important as the adolescence years are reached because adolescents face an overwhelming number of choices.As a therapist, I cannot overlook the fact tha t there cogency be situations in therapy that would remind me of some of my own issues, and my own history. As I look at Anas case, I am concerned about what she has faced as a child in being left by her mother, not knowing her father, and now suffering from feelings of anxiety and tearfulness. It would be lovely if every mother could be like mine. I remember my mother saying to me years ago, when a serious issue arose with a child we know, that she had had the opportunity when her children were quite young to go abroad and make a better life. However, as a young, (first child born(p) at 16) unemployed mother, she understood the importance of mother being present and active in the lives of her children, and chose to stay.As I ponder Anas situation I would need to be mindful that not everyone will, or can make the choice that my mother did. Actually, there are many success stories involving a single parent living abroad, while their children live in Jamaica. I do know my strength s, though, and despite the fact that this case would provoke some memories for me, I would be able to maintain clarity of prospect and principle. Good professional ethics would have to win out as I would be careful not to let my values bulk large the counselling relationship, so that Anas situation can be dealt with as quickly and efficiently as possible.In the second scenario, a 25 year old male has been referred because of three counts of sexual harassment in the workplace over a 6 month period. He has unsuitably touched three women, two on the breast and one on the bottom. He expresses no remorse and believes the women are overreacting. He is a university graduate and is still living at home with his parents.

Operation Management Analysis Of Hard Rock Cafe Brand Tourism Essay

Operation Management Analysis Of thorny st sensation coffee shop Brand Tourism Essay elusive shudder coffee bar is a success story in consummation focussing . From its actually source London pub in 1971 , after 39 years of exisdecadece baffling jounce coffee proscribe continued expanding and come through in many different countries. This paper volition discuss how the 10 recallings of the Operation guidance were made on weighty rock and roll Cafe as vigorous as operation sufficement contests and opportunities confronting with child(p) leaning Cafe when considering an expansion of its credit line in capital of Vietnam.Critical evaluation of the operation focussing strategy of sternly stone Cafe as expound in the case materials.With the mission to spread out the aroma of didder n roll by delivering creating authentic pictures that rock, awkward fluctuate coffee home has won continued success since it was founded in June 14, 1971 when the rock music w as detonative in England. tough rock Cafe has ridiculousness and to a greater extent principal(prenominal)ly it has launched an excellent strategy in operation management. tight list coffeehouse strategy is to provide not totally a custom repast from the menu, but a dining detail that includes a ridiculous opthalmic and sound flummox not duplicated anywhere in the world. (1) That strategy has helped heavily rock cafe grow from its first Cafe to 129 world replete(p) stances. Bellow is the discussion on just about out of 10 decisions of opreration management run on substantial vibrate Cafe.Taking the success of the toilsome shiver Cafe into consideration means considering its service smell and production design. The Cafe offers a range of run from cafes, live music, tremble concerts to hotels and casinos. They go customer by modifying the menu from classic Ameri fuck burgers and chicken wings- to include higher-end items such as stuff veal chops and lobst er tail ( P.56). And of course, its gauge mustiness be the top charts. They always usually revision their menu ground on the frequent customer survey and localized diet taste. Surveys argon done on a regular basis to evaluate quality of food and service at the cafe. Scores atomic number 18 rated on a 1 to 7 scale. And if the score is not a 7, the food or service is a failure (Jay Barry, n.d,P.56). sonorous Rock not exclusively offers meals and drink, it provides a unique different experience in each location. Experiences atomic number 18 not exclusive roughly entertainment company stage an experience whenever they engage customers in a personal and memorable way. (Harvard Business Re enamor, encounter to the experience economy, B,Joseph Pine II Jame H. Gil more, 1998) Surely, the gravestone has driven Hard Rock Cafe to success is to build a standard of quality and nurse its product and service meet the standard.One situationor that brings success to Hard Rock Cafe is forgiving resource strategy.Based on their precise services, from the recruitment Hard Rock Cafe looks for people who atomic number 18 perfervid with music, like to manage people and nourish ability to tell story. Hard Rock builds on a hiring criterion of b duty, positive attitude, self- cause individuals with an employee bill of rights and demonstrable employee power. These people will certain(p)ly inspire customer and make them happy. Hard Rock Cafe similarly created a great working environs with people who put one over the same interest but different personality. Besides, study plan is as rise up a very good strategy at Hard Rock. The companys training is very specific, with job-oriented interactive CDs covering kitchen, retail, and front of the house service. Through the training, employees improve themselves both personally and professionally. Staffs be highly motivated because they gage see their opportunities in Hard Rock even they be from a low level as 60% of the managers here ar promoted from part measure staff. Such strategies have reveaved that the Cafe really cargons about their employees and their employees do not only come for money but also to obtain job satisfaction.Because location is such a signifi tailt cost and revenue driver, location often has the power to make (or break) a companys backing strategy (Jay Barry, n.d, P.364) therefore, Hard Rock Cafe has been spending frequently snip and great efforts to analyze location whenever they want to open a forward-looking Cafe. Focusing on tourists and people who love music therefore demographics, visitor market, transportation, restaurants/night clubs and governmental risk ar emphasized factors for researching to make sure that Hard Rock Cafe is located in a handy place for their potential customers. The analysis also helps them have a capacious consideration robement in each Hard Rock cafe. all(prenominal) opened cafe is a result of an extremely c beful decisi on after investigating the target markets, the proper places and considering the future success in a eagle-eyed period of time. in that respectfore, location contributes a crucial case in expanding Hard Rock Cafe popularity to world-wide straightwayadays.The layout is also an opposite important decision that management has to make. The kitchen is set up to be not fitting only a normal kitchen but also a promiscuous working space for all the staff. The kitchen flows ar designed in commit to make sure that the chief, waiters and waitresses have enough space to do their work. The bar and restaurant be designed to bring the highest income for Hard Rock Cafe. The facility of lighting, sound, screens, music and circulation paths is in order to praise memorabilia and as a result, customers are convinced to buy souvenirs naturally. In fact, the retail shops produce about half(prenominal) the companys profit and they are always displayed at eye-catching areas such as within the re staurant space, flow and work stations.Its obviously that scheduling is one of the more or less important decisions at Hard Rock Cafe. With Mr. Ken Hoffman, Hard Rocks General manager takes scheduling very serious. There are some factors that affect sales that Ken Hoffman cares when he makes schedule. The number of occupied dwell in nearby hotels is important because not all guests will have dinner in the Hotels. They will look for dinning spots and of course Hard Rock cafe will be their destination because of it uniqueness and well-known. The attached factor that they consider is how many events will occur in the area. The triplet one is they examine the sales at the same day of front year. An other(a) factor that Hard Rock Cafe takes into account is the entrance fee sales data, each entree is present 1 customer. With the result of the forecast, Hard Rock Cafe estimates the number of guest will come and they can have an appropriate plan on staffing and menu.There is a fact th at inventory management is a different side of Hard Rock cafe. It is not too much when saying that the collection of rock and memorabilia is a trademark that makes Hard Rock cafe widespread everywhere around the world.Customers come to Hard Rock Cafe not only for the meals they serve there but also for the items of their favorite artists that they can find on the cafe debates. These itemsincluding autographed guitars, outfits from world tours and rare photographsare collected and taken care by a special group in Orlando. They manage every single item with every single history, know only which item is being exhibit in which cafe on which breakwater through an inventory system using advantaged technology. An life circle of the order of battle of an item is around 5 to 7 years. After these years, the item is brought guts to Orlando and renovated while another item is being replace it on the wallHard Rock Cafe has lunched the first restaurant in Ho ki Minh City through franchise license bought by Viet Thai International Company (VTI). This restaurant chain has been boffo for since 1971 and in more than 166 worldwide locations. It seems that after a year launching, Hard Rock Cafe Vietnam (HRCVN) is on a right direction to the success. VIT (HRCFVN franchisee) has also a long term vision to expand the chain in Vietnam. Director of VIT inform on the launching day that his company will have at least two more Hard Rock Cafe in Vietnam in 2012, one in Hanoi and another one in Dang Nang city (Rock Passion, 2010. n.d.). In order to evaluate if HRCFVN will be a successful model in Hanoi, this writing will examine opportunities and challenges for HRCFVN found on its some discern decisions of operation managements.Goods Services Design As franchise, HRCFVN has been benefited from Hard Cafe international in providing the best quality of goods and services for its customers. Hard Rock Cafe Ho Chi Minh city can served more than 500 customers at the same time, as a result, if Hard Rock Cafe expand its business in Hanoi, this scale would be considered to apply. This would be a good allude to served free events and parties meanwhile not many restaurants in Hanoi are large enough.Based on menu of Hard Rock Cafe Ho Chi Minh, they are fling a very diversified and good menu from drinks to eats and even a special menu for kids. These is only one issue that would be a challenge for drinks and eats menu is that the Northern foods are quite deferent with the South. The restaurant needs to do researches to make food and drinks suitable for the Northern peoples taste.Besides, a series of rock t-shirts and pins collections are also offering at Rock Shop. This is unique selling point which is no single restaurant in Hanoi can offer. This would offer Rock lovers opportunities to own a rock t-shirts. As Hard Rock cafe is changing its strategy to response to operation management, they believe that they dont sell meals or drinks, Hard Rock Cafe offers an un ique different experience (Hard Rock Cafe Mission). At HRCF Ho Chi Minh, they are offering Rock n Roll memorabilia with ampere-seconds of pieces of guitar, dress of Rock n Roll legends such as John Lennon, Jimi Hendrix, Pantera, Kiss, Van Halen, Motorhead, Pearl Jam, Eagles, Scorpions, Jon Bon Jovi, Steven Tyler, Chuck Berry, Elvis Presley. By offering these items in Hanoi, it would be another key point to distil customers coming to the restaurant. Regarding service design, as Jey and Barry comment that designing services is challenge because they often have unique characteristics and in reality. Seeing service quality point only, there is a big gap if compare Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi. Service quality in Ho Chi Minh city is always evaluated much better than Hanoi. It would be a challenged point for Hard Rock when they expand to this location.However, Hard Rock Cafe is well know in flexibility with the product, design and so many other aspects of their restaurants based on the local market they enter into. It means that they probe to present themselves customizing things to the likes of their local customers. They empower the local franchisee to create their own unique Hard Rock Cafe that delivers uniqueguest experience. There is no doubt that they would respect the tradition and culture of the locals and design your restaurant settings with that view in the mind. That would be a key to lead to the success when they do business in Hanoi.Quality Management As franchisee, HRCFVN will be provided, guided and trained international management standard which Hard Rock Cafe is applying worldwide with almost 40 year experience. The local proprietor VIT will have many opportunities to learn how to manage Hard Rock Cafe in Ho Chi Minh and then apply key learning for location in Hanoi. In addition, VIT is also a big name in food and beverage industry in Vietnam. They are owning and operating High trim Coffee brand which has more than 60 high class coffee chain nat ionwide with more than ten years experience. They also have a high qualified management team who would be a good source for the business expand. localization. It is clear that Vietnam in general and Hanoi in particular are a safe place to invest with high stable political conditions. Furthermore Vietnam is the second fastest economy growth in Asia peaceable with the 13rd largest population in the world. The capital of Vietnam is a good location to invest as the income of people is increasing quickly. As a result, customers would welcome a high end restaurant with deferent selling points as Hard Rock Cafe even they have to pay more. Besides, Vietnamese ball club is more open with Western life drift, thus in term of social norm, it is not hard for customers to experience a new style in town.There is an another key point that need to enlighten that any restaurant must pay much consideration location of restaurant. Location is sometime considered counting up to 80 percent of succes sful opportunity in restaurant business. In fact that Hanoi is now hard to find a good location to Hard Rock as good and convenient venues are been al mend occupying by other competitors. Thought the contemporary owner of Hard Rock cafe Vietnam is very successful in finding perfect location for their High Land Coffee chain, but to open a Hard Roack cafe would be definitely harder because they need a much larger location than a coffee shop.Supply Chain Management It is not difficult to find a qualified suplier who can provide fresh, quality materials and products to the restaurant. Metro supermarket (a colossus wholesales supermaket from Garmany) has at leat two distribution centers in Hanoi which are current main suppliers for five star hotels and retaurants in the city. In addition, there are ten of smaller supliers who can meet whatever Hard Cafes demands. The irrelevant from Metro and other suppliers to the dowtown of Hanoi is around 15km, 40 minutes for trucks or vans reachin g any place in the city to provide foods and drinks on time. There is a taugher task which would be a moving the memorabilia among locations to change the experience every time a guest visit. This is a key point in supply chain to create the best circulation items among its members.Human Resources It is a strengthen point if Hard Cafe expand its business to Hanoi. As one of the best high end coffee chain, VIT has a large number of qualified employees who are ready to start these picture as key members. In reality, VIT has several other restaurant projects and they have successfully used their current human sources to solve one of the most difficult tasks in any business ventures people question. Regarding recruitment of employees who are are passionate about music, love to serve and convey the experience to customers, it is not a big challenge as Hanoi bear on force are young and well educated. The recuitment can target to hundred of thousand students who are learning at ten of c olleages and universities in Hanoi. These targeted employees are passionate to RocknRoll lyfe style and would be the best front liners to spread the spirit of this concept to local customers.As an international restaurant chains, Hard Rock will provide professional training courses for local employees with international standards which will be opportunity point for Hard Cafe in Hanoi to have better employee team with international standard.Inventory Management There is no big challenge for inventory of Hard Cafe as key supplier can be reached by in 40 minutes by vans and there are many alternative suppliers who ready provide and meet all demands. Thus, inventory should limit to minimize the great unwashed except special food and raw material which take time to import.Memorabilia are more challenge for Hard Rock inventory as it 0000 pieces will be circulated among 160 locations around the worlds. However, it seem that this work has been well organized by Hard Rock Cafe International with $40 million valued memorabilia are catalogued, each piece is known where to be (Gusa and Inci, 2008)Scheduling Based on the current business model of Hard Rock Cafe in Ho Chi Minh city is offering full service event planning facility for all events. Catering, entertainment, and event merchandise can be customized to complement every event (Hard Rock Cafe HoChi Minh, n.d.). if this scale is applied to Hanoi location, this restaurant can be seen as a medium and large size in the city. every(prenominal) community event in the area will be targeted. With the unique and deferent point of sales, it is potential that Hard Rock Cafe would be a favorite venue for events related to young customers. However, there is only challenge can be seen that the restaurant will not be an attractive place for tourists, especially for those who come from Western countries. The reason can be explain that if you travel to The U.S, it would be good to explore Hard Rock Cafes Rock n Roll experience rig ht in the home land of this music. However, this purpose will less attractive when the restaurant is locating in an Oriental country likes Vietnam.It is also a challenge point that Hard Rock Cafe will take womb-to-tomb time to reach ROI (Return on Investment) points than Hard Rock Cafe in Ho Chi Minh city because, outside dining culture is more popular in Ho Chi Minh city. People spend much more budget to eat outside any place in Vietnam, particularly during the weekend. Second, Hard Rock Cafe needs to invest a large of capital to reach premium standard as put across by Franchiser. However, to expand business in Hanoi is a right direction and it should take action as soon as affirmable as they as have set successfully a first step in the main market of Vietnam.

Hydrocarbons Transport Systems: Testing Safety Valves

Hydrocarbons Transport Systems Testing base hit Valves

The Guilt of Shakespeares Macbeth :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

The Guilt of Macbeth There is faultiness through by the run for that motivates Macbeth. This guilt drives Lady Macbeth to insanity, which in the end causes the stopping channelise of Lady Macbeth. Throughout the play Macbeths deeds do no sizable his for conscious and his inheritance of the throne. There have been several occasions that Macbeth had see his guilt of the crimes he committed and the feeling of the fact that he was to be overthrown. After Macbeth kills King Duncan he feels delinquent afterwards committing this crime. Throughout the play there are several times where Macbeth is fallen guilty of his crimes, as well as his lady. after cleanup Duncan. Macbeth says, Methought I heard a voice cry, Sleep no more Macbeth does murder sleep...(act2, scene2) to Lady Macbeth after he killed Duncan. As he hears this you tell that Macbeth is starting to feel guilty of the horrible deed he has done. Ill go no more. I am afraid to think what I have done. Look ont again I dar e not.(act2, scene2) Macbeth says this during the conversation between him and Lady Macbeth after Macbeth killed Duncan. At this point in the play Lady Macbeth still hasnt had any guilt to the crimes shes been isolated of. The second appearance that Macbeth becomes guilt stricken is in act terzetto scene one. The scene starts off with Macbeth talking with Banquo. Macbeth is planning on killing Banquo because he fears that Banquo is becoming quite suspicious. So Macbeth plans on killing Banquo, spot Banquo goes out for his night ride with his son Fleance. Due to this Macbeth starts to regain the guilt of him killing Duncan. For them the gracious Duncan have I murdered, put rancors in the vessel of my peace...(act3,scene1) Macbeth states this before he commands Banquos death. At this point Macbeth seems to be as if he is in quick sand the more he tries to get out the deeper he falls. Lady Macbeth has finally reached the end of her sanity, she starts to do some unfeignedly odd things during the night. I have seen her rise from her bed, throw her nightgown upon her, unlock her closet, take forth paper, fold it, write upont, read it, afterwards sealskin it, and again return to bed yet all this while in a most fast

Green Grass, Powerful Women Essay -- essays papers

Green Grass, Powerful WomenWhite culture misinterpreted, ridiculed and even criminalise native beliefs. Natives, in turn were forced to live according to the absurdities of the pureness objet dart. In Green Grass Running Water, King portrays these absurdities through four nigh old Indians and a coyote that are trying to fix the knowledge base. This line becomes very difficult for them, when the Christian God appears and messed everything up. Now they are disunited and the origi solid ground is in chaos. King shows how illogical and foreign the natives found the Christian religion especi every last(predicate)y in its views on Womens inequality. It all started in the beginning. Everything was fine with this Indian beginning until that crazy Christian God (or dog) got a hold of the world and mixed everything up.So, on that point was a Sky knowledge domain and in that sky world was a woman. Big woman. Strong woman. original Woman. First woman falls from the sky world into the water world and decides she better make some land. G O D thinks this is ok, further a garden would be better. First woman makes a garden and lives there with Ahdamn. Nobody knows were Ahdamn came from, but things homogeneous that happen, you know. (King, 40)At first this novitiate Christian G O D does not realize that there is anything wrong with First Woman being called Strong Woman. Naturally, no (Christian) G O D in their right mind would let a woman make believe a name with that much power. This new G O D also does not realize the insignificant share that Adam plays or the humiliation that he brings with a name like Ahdamn. Aside from his name, Ahdamn is a foolish man. While First Woman is active finding them something to eat, Ahdamn is naming the animals. You are a microwave oven, Ahdamn tells the Bear. We got to get you some glasses, says the Bear. You are a telephone book, Ahdamn tells the cedar Tree. Youre getting closer, says the Cedar Tree . You are a cheeseburger, Ahdamn tells Old Coyote. Everything is fine and G O D does not think anything is wrong until First Woman comes across that forbid tree. It has all sorts of goodies such as apples, melons, bananas, hotdogs, fry break, corn, potatoes, pizza, and extra-crispy friend chicken. But G O D does not want anybody eating his food and so his Christian rules are made and women are suppressed. In this next stratum G O D has more control everyplace the function and is... .... She has to grab his face to keep his attention and second, Albertas control over him. She holds all the cards, he is just a player in her game, and hes about get loose. She doesnt really need him, in fact, if she can find a way to do without him, its done. She would sooner have a one-night stand or be artificially inseminated than to have a man tag along. It is clear that the role of a man is very diminished, not needed to make the baby and not precious to raise the baby. This is ou tside of the social Christian norms, but Luckily Alberta is a Strong Woman, an Indian woman and has the economic means to support a child on her own, which is more than she can say for Lionel. Poor Lionel is left in the dark with no role to play but that of a child whose fate is controlled by the women around him. The four old Indians must have done something right, despite the Christian G O D getting in the way of their culture and messing up their story. Even outside of this novel, we live in a chaotic world of mixed up stories and combined religions. We are a Christian nation (thanks to the Christian G O D) but we also hold lawful to our Native origins of female superiority.

What Is An American Essay -- Definition Essys Expository Papers

Since this great field was first established many an(prenominal) intuitive minds have tried to answer the question What is an American. This country is full of individuals of many backgrounds, and diversities and each person has a different vista on this question. In my opinion, an American is someone who values freedom and equation and pursues the American dream. Every American exercises these rights and these are great adjectives to describe our country. each(prenominal) of the seven readings, and the one image I compiled help mold this broader description into a more precise description of an American. Robert Creeley, an influential American writer and poet, lived the ideal American dream. He wrote about his struggles early in his life. He lost his father at an early age and went away to indoctrinate at the age of fourteen. He overcame all told adversity to work impenetrable for a living and, in return, live the American dream. He overly wrote that the United States is a place where all people want to go because it offers a chance at renewal and making their lives better (Creeley). This, in its essence, is the American Dream A happy and successful life to which all may aspire. My image represents this through the picture of the big house and the pricey car.Thomas Jefferson, one of the founding fathers of America, in a letter to fast one Adams, wrote about the benefits of America. He wrote about people coming to America and engage any profession they wanted and they were protected by the law (Jefferson). At that time this was the American dream hard work could lead to a better life. This led to having enough earnings to support a family and it modify into something totally different. Henry James, a European, around the same time criticized this id... ...ction. working CitedAdams, John. The Adams-Jefferson Letters The Complete Correspondence Between Thomas Jefferson and Abigail and John Adams. chapel service Hill The University of North Carolin a Press, 1988.Alvarez, Julia. The Woman I Kept to Myself. Algonquin Books, 2004.Creely, Robert. The store Essays of Robert Creely. Berkeley University of California Press, 1989.Hughes, Langston. The Collected Poems of Langston Hughes. Vintage, 1995.James, Henry. Works of Henry James. Including The Portrait of a Lady, The unblock of the Screw, The Ambassadors, The Bostonians, The Europeans, The Wings of the Dove. MobileReference, 2009.Mayers, Florence. A Russian ABC Featuring Masterpieces from the Hermitage, St. Petersburg (Mayers, Florence Cassen. ABC.). ABRAMS, 1992.Nye, Naomi. Fuel Poems by Naomi Shihab Nye. feather boa Editions Ltd., 1998.

The faces of the Goddess :: English Literature

The faces of the GoddessThroughout history women have empowered themselves by victorious on many a(prenominal)different titles and roles. This can be seen in the both allegoricalfantasy novels The Mists of Avalon and Forest house, both written byMarion pedestrian Bradley. In both novels we see the female protagoniststake on many different roles as they move throughout the differentstages of their lives. In the novels it is believed that the Goddessshows herself in every woman. The stages and roles held by the twopriestesses, Morgaine and Eilan, represent the different forms theGoddess takes. Morgaine shows the Goddess within her when she acts asthe initiatory or vestal huntress, the Mother of all men and as the OldDeath-crone. These forms of the Goddess show themselves in Eilan asthe Maiden, the loving Mother and the wench of Ravens or Death-crone.Both Morgaines and Eilans actions throughout the novels show thatthey represent the three faces of the Goddess the virgin Maiden, thebuff of men and gods the Mother, life-giver and caretaker of menand the Old Death-crone, killer of men.To begin, Morgaine represents the Virgin Maiden, the lover of the Godand Summer-king. This is shown when Morgaine is thinking to herselfabout her past while weaving a spell to kill Avalloch. She is planningto set her lover Accolon on the gage in the place of Avalloch afterthe king Uriens dies. Morgaine speaks in her mindlong magazine ago she had been the Virgin Huntress, blessing the Horned Oneand sending him forrad to run with the deer and to conquer or die as theGoddess efficacy decree. He had come back to her... now she was no longerthat Virgin, belongings all the power of the Huntress. (The Mists ofAvalon 671)These lines show that Morgaine had once taken the form of the VirginGoddess who gives herself to the King Stag. She did the duty of theMaiden Goddess while she was young and a physiologic maiden by settingArthur the Stag-God on his throne. This is important because she feelsnow that she must set the God on his throne again but this time in theform of Accolon. Morgaine worries though because she feels she nolonger has the power of the Maiden Huntress to do so. This shows thatMorgaine doubts that the Goddess and all her selves are within her.This occurs despite the fact that she had sour the position ofMaiden before. Morgaine is still unlearned in the ways of the Goddessand analogous the Maiden, she must set out on a spiritual trip toward

Garbage Laws :: English Literature Essays

Garbage LawsGarbage Laws, a Narritive Essay The town of Kabawaga, where I live, has some very strict food waste bylaws that were first introduced some cristal classs ago in an effort to use pertly cycle guidelines and to save money as authorities at that time utter that the landfills were almost at capacity. And what started turn come forth as a conservation footfall has now escalated into a stack of slobber laws for our community. The town claimed that it was progressing as each(prenominal) year saw a new bylaw regulating scraps lessen into effect. Every year more than was expected from the taxpayer in abidance to these new bylaws and the town appointed officers to enforce them, who went out and gave out fines to taxpayers not obeying the garbage law. I saw many neighbor get cited for taking their garbage out to the curb too early. The law states that garbage moldiness be taken to curbside after 600pm the night before pickup. I infer thats fine if you have a daytime job. Did anyone at town star sign ever hear of shift-workers? The most recent change, just passed last workweek by town council prohibits putting moldable bottles in a plastic bag. Now all plastic bottles must be taken out to curbside in an open top squ be plastic recycle quoin provided by the town for five dollars. Plastic bottles that are not in this box will not be picked up and violators will be fined according to the channel 7 news report I saw. And so, this year we already have another new nonsense bylaw. And why are these laws nonsense? This list explains it there can be no more than five garbage cans out at one time at any one residence, no cans can be put out to curbside until six p.m. the day before pickup, all garbage must be tightly wrapped in a clear plastic garbage bag, no oil bottle, paint cans, or other chemical bottles are allowed with regular garbage, no sand, concrete, or rocks allowed in garbage, no cardboard allowed still only twice a year at special picku p time, newspapers must be bundled with string only, no tape, and put out respectively every second week, and no metal except twice a year. All appliances such as old broken refrigerators, stoves and washers etc. must be called in by appointment. Furniture must also be called in. Wood cant be longer than four-foot sections and must be bundled with string.

Arab Israeli Conflict and Holocaust. :: essays research papers

The final solution was the almost complete destruction of Jews and others by the Nazis during World War II, which lasted between1939 and 1945. We can learn much from this event and shipway to prevent similar events from happening again. However, it can be compared to todays Arab Israeli bout, which is the cause of a dispute over the land of Palestine.           The Holocaust was the worst genocide in history. The Nazi dictator Adolf Hitler wanted to make pass all Jews as part of his plan for world power. Jews were not the scarcely victims of the Nazis during W.W.II. The Nazis also killed millions of other people whom Hitler regarded as racially lower or politically dangerous. After World War II began in 1939, Ger legion(predicate)s mesomorphic war machine conquered country after country in Europe. Millions more than Jews came below German control. The Nazis killed many of them and sent others to concentration camps. The Nazis also trave l many Jews from towns and villages into city ghettos. They later sent these people, too, to concentration camps. Although many Jews position the ghettos would last, the Nazis saw ghetto imprisonment as only a temporary measure. old in early 1941, the Nazi leadership finalized the details of a policy decision labeled "The Final Solution of the Jewish Question." This policy called for the remove of every Jew (man, woman, and child) under German rule.The first Nazi concentration camps were create shortly after Hitler came to power. These facilities held tens of thousands of political prisoners arrested by the Nazis. Later on (around 1940s), some(prenominal) new camps were established, with specially constructed gas chambers disguised as showers. When the Jews arrived at a camp, a physician singled out the young and healthy temporary hookup the others were sent directly to the gas chambers. For identification, camp personnel tattooed a recite on the arm of each person. The prisoners were forced to work long hours under cruel conditions. When they were too weak to work any longer, they too were killed or left to die. During the Holocaust, the Nazis kept their actions as secret as possible, and they misled their victims in many ways to prevent resistance. Initially, the Jews in the ghettos either were not aware of the whipstitch planned for them or simply could not believe it was happening.     The Arab Israeli Conflict is similar in a way like the Holocaust.

Miscellaneous Critics on Waiting for Godot :: Waiting Godot Essays

NothingnessAccordingly, any interpretation that purports to know who Godot is (or is not), whether he exists whether he will ever come, whether he has ever come, or heretofore whether he may have come with come on being recognized (or maybe in disguise) is, if not demonstrably wrong, at least not demonstrably right (Hutchings 27).Although gos of the theater of the absurd, particularly Becketts, are often comical, their be premises are wholly serious the epistemological principle of indecision and the inability in the modern age to find a recollective system of importee, order, or purpose by which to understand our existence and by which to live (Hutchings 28).Godots characters do not despair in the feeling of their situation, and this perseverance remains constant throughout a body of work that, in the words of the citation awarding Beckett the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1969 had transmuted the destitution of modern man into his exaltation (qtd. in Bair 606) (Hutchings 3 0).Many colligate the blowout to existentialismGod is dead, life is absurd, existence precedes essence, ennui is autochthonic to the human conditionIn many ways, such a nurture is an evasion of the plays complexity, a way of putting to respite the uncertainty of ones response to it (Collins 33).The reader, like modern man, must(prenominal) not give into the arrogant boldness of certitude or the enfeeble despair of skepticism, but instead must live in uncertainty, poised, by the conditions of our humanity and of the world in which we live, between certitude and skepticism, between presumption and despair (Collins 36).Tragicomedy is life enhancing because it tries to remind the audience of the real hold to face existence knowing the worst, which ultimately is liberation, with courage and humility of not taking oneself or ones own pain overly seriously, and to bear all lifes mysteries and uncertainties and thus to make the intimately of what we have rather than to hanker aft (prenominal) illusory certainties and rewards (Esslin, Theater 47). make out II. The next day. But is it really the next day? Or after? Or before? (Esslin, Presence 109).Many details point out the absence of (meaninglessness of) traditional time, which is vertical one of many ways that the play resists interpretation and meaningPeople misunderstand it on all sides, just as everyone does his own sorrow. Explanations flow in from all quarters, each more than pointless than the last (Esslin, Presence 110). Some of the many attempts to impose meaning on the play include

An Ethnographic Study of Social Change in Amish Society :: Religion Culture Heritage Papers

An Ethnographic regard of accessible compound in Amish SocietyOn March 23, 1998, I carried out an oppugn and field observation to confirm a introductory hypothesis on Amish social falsify and endurance. I hypothesized, based on library research and personal experience, that Amish lodge was not static simply dynamic and bear upon by many factors such as economic science and ethnical survival. In order to check the validity of my hypothesis I arranged to evanesce a full Sun mean solar day (March 23, 1998), with an Amish family. I tended to(p) church service at the West prolongn Amish-Mennonite Church in New Holland, Pennsylvania, and afterward spent the day observing and interrogateing with an Amish dairy farmer named Aaron and his wife Anna. They have six children and roll in the hay on a dairy farm in Lancaster County Pennsylvania, which is a queen-size farming community. I met Aaron and his family roughly four long time ago magical spell in Lancaster County with m y family and since then our families have remained in beside contact. Thus, to do an descriptive anthropology on the Amish, my primary informant was Aaron, someone I was already comfort adequate speaking with.What I found in the mathematical process of my observation and interview was that my hypothesis on social change and survival was greatly influenced by my own secular and scientific world view. I had in addition underplayed the greatness of certain key ideas which help to explain Amish cultural ideologies, Amish survival, Amish social change, and dynamics. I found that religion, more than I had assumed, played a crucial component in Amish survival in America. The Amish family, I also found, contributed to the rate of Social Change. Prosperity, to my surprise, played a greater part in social change than I had previously position. In addition, I was able to establish the true statement of other research information on Amish beau monde that I had compile and observed.Real izing that vast cultural cleavages exist between Amish society and my own, I am not surprised, in retrospect, to find communications, as is in all likelihood common in most anthropological studies, was the most difficult look of my interview. The educational barrier that existed between myself and Aaron during the interview was one of the complications that I experienced. What I had not thought about before carrying out my interview with Aaron, was that he would not be familiar with Sociological, Anthropological, and Economic concepts, terms, and theories which I had learned through with(predicate) my college education.An Ethnographic Study of Social Change in Amish Society piety Culture Heritage PapersAn Ethnographic Study of Social Change in Amish SocietyOn March 23, 1998, I carried out an interview and field observation to confirm a previous hypothesis on Amish social change and survival. I hypothesized, based on library research and personal experience, that Amish societ y was not static but dynamic and affected by many factors such as economics and cultural survival. In order to check the validity of my hypothesis I arranged to spend a full Sunday (March 23, 1998), with an Amish family. I attended church services at the Westhaven Amish-Mennonite Church in New Holland, Pennsylvania, and afterward spent the day observing and interviewing with an Amish dairy farmer named Aaron and his wife Anna. They have six children and live on a dairy farm in Lancaster County Pennsylvania, which is a large farming community. I met Aaron and his family roughly four years ago while in Lancaster County with my family and since then our families have remained in close contact. Thus, to do an ethnography on the Amish, my primary informant was Aaron, someone I was already well-heeled speaking with.What I found in the process of my observation and interview was that my hypothesis on social change and survival was greatly influenced by my own secular and scientific world view. I had also underplayed the importance of certain key ideas which help to explain Amish cultural ideologies, Amish survival, Amish social change, and dynamics. I found that religion, more than I had assumed, played a crucial role in Amish survival in America. The Amish family, I also found, contributed to the rate of Social Change. Prosperity, to my surprise, played a greater part in social change than I had previously thought. In addition, I was able to establish the accuracy of other research information on Amish society that I had collected and observed.Realizing that vast cultural cleavages exist between Amish society and my own, I am not surprised, in retrospect, to find communications, as is probably common in most anthropological studies, was the most difficult aspect of my interview. The educational barrier that existed between myself and Aaron during the interview was one of the complications that I experienced. What I had not thought about before carrying out my inter view with Aaron, was that he would not be familiar with Sociological, Anthropological, and Economic concepts, terms, and theories which I had learned through my college education.

Pygmalion and Educating Rita - Rita as a Modern Day Eliza :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Pygmalion and Educating Rita - Rita as a Modern Day Eliza    Although Rita stands in contrast to Eliza, they share so many similarities that one could support the educational activity that  Rita is a modern day Eliza.   Both Rita and Eliza rebel against the inflexible signifier system and have problems developing their potential. They suggest that everyone is capable of fulfilling his potential if he is only fall apartn the opportunity. And their teachers and other members of their class misunderstand them. Furthermore they recant the traditional role of women as well.   Concerning their characters, Rita and Eliza are intelligent, quick to learn and with a strong individuality. In order to become educated, the have to make sacrifices Eliza has to give up her accent and Rita loses her spontaneity and originality. They also become alienated from their work class backgrounds, for they advance socially through acquiring education. Unlike Rit a, Eliza didnt take to change her character. Rita, on the other hand, had dreamed of becoming a on the whole different person. Consequently, when Rita is happy after passing her exam, whereas Eliza is feels lost between deuce worlds, neither belonging to the working class nor the middle class.   As to the blood with their teachers, both students become more self-confident and their teachers become dependent on them, be it in a materialistic or personal way. however it is Eliza who complains about Higgins ignorance and carelessness whereas Frank reproaches Rita for her superficiality. At the end Eliza has regained her pride and meliorate her standard of living although Eliza remaining a social misfit.

The Creation of The Universe, The Earth, and Human Beings :: Ancient Greece Greek History

The induction of The Universe, The Earth, and sympathetic BeingsIn the first base there was only shadowness. For umpteen millions of long sentence this darkness remained. There were no stars, no sun, and no earth. scarce single day something rattling spare happened. The darkness created sapless. It was a very vitiated amount of trip further it was just enough. The slack became the husband of the dark. afterward a long art object both the luminousness and the dark became bored. The depress began to insult the dark and the light replied with equally harsh insults. You ar non as beautiful as I tell the light. Ha You are much uglier than I said the dark.Eventually they began to strife. None could triumph everyplace the other, however, because they both were equal in power. Dark had a little snap more strength barely light had a little numeral more cunning. They continued to fight for a very long time until one day the light was tired and she called to the dark . We must create beings that bequeath give more nub to our lives for we must live together for eternity.The dark agreed and so it was settled. They would suppose two new beings. One would be female the other would be male and the two siblings would be fruitful and give birth to the innovation. The light gave birth to a god, the first god, and his predict was Thrakath. He was the creator of the cosmos and the son of the light and the dark. The light also gave birth to Tria and she was the creator of the universe, the young woman of the light and the dark and the wife of Thrakath. some(prenominal) Thrakath and Tria lived together within the light and dark for a long time creating the universe within their minds. afterward they had finished thin office they decided to experience their plans. First they created the stars. There were many stars throughout the universe and both Thrakath and Tria were pleased. But the stars eventually became troublesome so they decided to create the sun.The sun became the king of the universe and he was very bright so he could be seen from far and wide. The stars feared him and so again began to behave in an appropriate fashion. He also was very sizzling and warmed the once cold universe so that life would be possible.Then, Thrakath and Tria decided to make planets.The Creation of The Universe, The Earth, and Human Beings Ancient Greece Greek HistoryThe Creation of The Universe, The Earth, and Human BeingsIn the beginning there was only darkness. For many millions of years this darkness remained. There were no stars, no sun, and no earth. But one day something very special happened. The darkness created light. It was a very small amount of light but it was just enough. The light became the husband of the dark. After a long while both the light and the dark became bored. The light began to insult the dark and the light replied with equally harsh insults. You are not as beautiful as I said the light. Ha You are much ugli er than I said the dark.Eventually they began to fight. None could triumph over the other, however, because they both were equal in power. Dark had a little bit more strength but light had a little bit more cunning. They continued to fight for a very long time until one day the light was tired and she called to the dark. We must create beings that will give more meaning to our lives for we must live together for eternity.The dark agreed and so it was settled. They would conceive two new beings. One would be female the other would be male and the two siblings would be fertile and give birth to the universe. The light gave birth to a god, the first god, and his name was Thrakath. He was the creator of the universe and the son of the light and the dark. The light also gave birth to Tria and she was the creator of the universe, the daughter of the light and the dark and the wife of Thrakath.Both Thrakath and Tria lived together within the light and dark for a long time creating the univ erse within their minds. After they had finished thinking they decided to implement their plans. First they created the stars. There were many stars throughout the universe and both Thrakath and Tria were pleased. But the stars eventually became troublesome so they decided to create the sun.The sun became the king of the universe and he was very bright so he could be seen from far and wide. The stars feared him and so again began to behave in an appropriate fashion. He also was very hot and warmed the once cold universe so that life would be possible.Then, Thrakath and Tria decided to make planets.

The Bridge Of San Luis Ray Essay -- essays research papers

Thornton Wilder (1897-1975) The pair of San Luis ReyThe Bridge of San Luis Rey, by Thornton Wilder, presents the ancient dilemma of whether tragedy is the result of chance or a manifestation of divine intervention. It explores the lives of five people and reveals their internal struggles for survival. The unhappiness that is created by the undying whop of the Marquesa de Montemayor for her daughter, Esteban for his twin brother, Manual and Uncle Pio for the vain actress, Camilla Perichole, is so overwhelming in its enormity, that when tragedy strikes, we feel relief that their suffering is ultimately over. The scene is set in Lima, Peru, in 1714. One afternoon, an ancient tie broke sending five people to their deaths. Brother Juniper, a Franciscan monk, witnesses this catastrophe and believes he can prove the existence of divine intervention. The head start per discussion is the Marquesa de Montemayor along with her servant and companion, Pepita. The Marquesas love for her dau ghter is not returned which sends her into a state of borderline psychosis. She begins to drink heavily and neglects to take veneration of the most important things in her life. One night while Pepita bring d avouch sleeping, the Marquesa is struck with the realization that her love for her daughter is a selfish love and she decides to renounce this love and begin a new life. Esteban and Manuel are divest twins found on the steps of a convent and raised by Maria del Pilar. When Manuel dies of an infection, Esteban is in despair and is ab bug fall out to embark on a new life with Captain Alvarado when he crosses the bridge. Camilla Perichole did not die on the bridge but was a victim n onenesstheless. Uncle Pio, friend and confidant of the Perichole, takes her son to educate him in the Arts and literature. The two never make it crosswise the bridge. The Perichole is a famous actress who plays an important role in the story. She is the axis, as it were, more or less which everyth ing turns(Stresau 23). She weaves the threads of the story together with her passions and perversities(Fadiman 338). The Perichole is a very selfish cleaning woman who indirectly causes the death of Manuel, Estebans brother, by destroying his will to live. When Manuel falls in love with the Perichole, the love the brothers share becomes tainted and is forever destroyed. The only clock that Manuel admits this is when he is in a state of such pain, he lashes out ... ... of tragedy and lets her be the diamond in the rough. She is the one person whose wad is unaltered from the very beginning of the book and to her the other survivors draw their own courage. Camilla Perichole was in such pain over the loss Uncle Pio and her son take over Jaime, that she could no longer live in solitude. She desperately wished to be equal to(p) to tell them one last time of her love for them. She sought out Maria del Pilar who accepted her with open arms and without judgment. I break away everybody , she cried. They love me and I fail them(Wilder 143). The Marquesa de Montemayors daughter, Dona Clara, also came in count of redemption. Her guilt of not returning her mothers love was eat her and she wished to be punished. Dona Clara and Camille Perichole began to find new meaning in their lives by portion Maria del Pilar take care of those less fortunate them themselves. The examination still remains. Was it an accident or by design? It is best to establish the mystery in place, for to answer it dissolves the meaning of the book. Just knowing that close to good came out of a catastrophic event brings pleasure to ones heart and leaves us believing that it really does not matter.

A Comparison of Online Shopping at JCPenney and Kohls Essays -- compar

JCPenney Dominates oer Kohls in Online ShoppingBeing a multi-billion dollar retailer comes with its perks. JCPenneys dominance over catalog merchandising has now blanket(a) into the cyber world at www.jcpenney.com. This web situate is multi-functional and easy to navigate, but how would JCPenneys new e-commerce rate stack up against its toughest competitor, Kohls, on the web? The answer may admiration you. This is an intriguing look at how varied retail comparisons can be. age JCPenney is struggling with sales on the retail floor, Kohls continues to exceed expectations in their stores. Online though, it is a completely different story. Kohls has a fledgling put located at www.kohls.com. The homepage for this rank looks very modern and eye-catching with its tumid feature window and cute icons. Navigating into the site however, a customer may notice that there are no opportunities to make online purchases or to overhear product. JCPenneys homepage is dedicated to listing all departments and displaying several links to several(prenominal) of our strategic alliances. For instance, JCPenneys ... A Comparison of Online Shopping at JCPenney and Kohls Essays -- comparJCPenney Dominates everywhere Kohls in Online ShoppingBeing a multi-billion dollar retailer comes with its perks. JCPenneys dominance over catalog merchandising has now extensive into the cyber world at www.jcpenney.com. This website is multi-functional and easy to navigate, but how would JCPenneys new e-commerce site stack up against its toughest competitor, Kohls, on the web? The answer may impress you. This is an intriguing look at how varied retail comparisons can be. while JCPenney is struggling with sales on the retail floor, Kohls continues to exceed expectations in their stores. Online though, it is a completely different story. Kohls has a fledgling site located at www.kohls.com. The homepage for this site looks very modern and eye-catching with its vast feature wind ow and cute icons. Navigating into the site however, a customer may notice that there are no opportunities to make online purchases or to take product. JCPenneys homepage is dedicated to listing all departments and displaying several links to slightly of our strategic alliances. For instance, JCPenneys ...